Different Methods of Cotton Farming

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Cotton

 Cotton is the most important cash crop of India and plays a crucial role in the industrial, and agricultural economy of the country. Cotton is the backbone of our textile industry as it produces raw material (cotton fiber). In India cotton provides subsistence to 6 million farmers and also 30-50 million people are employed by cotton production. Cotton is a water craving crop and around 5-7% of the water for irrigation is used for cotton cultivation.
  1. Soil Preparation in Cotton Farming
    2. In cotton farming, the preparation of flatbed is essential, and it can be done by ploughing, and disc harrowing. Both ploughing and harrowing should be followed simultaneously.
  2. Crop Rotation in Cotton Farming
    3. It is very important method and it should be followed by cotton and other crops such as sugarcane, hybrid sorghum, and banana.
  3. Hybrid Variations in Cotton
    4. Upland cotton is originated from Gossypium Hirsutum species, and other varieties like Hirsutum x Hirsutum or Hirsutum x Barbadense are preferred to grow in India.
  4. Selection of Seeds in Cotton Farming
    5. Only tested seeds should be used for irrigated cotton. Delinted seeds of 3kgs - 3.5kgs per hectare are preferred.
  5. Spacing
    6. Maximum plantation per hectare of irrigated hybrid varieties considered to be 7000 to 8000 per hectare. Here you can the measurement of row planting.
    2.5(inches) x 5(inches) x 5(inches) or 3(inches) x 4(inches) x 3(inches). Spacing of 4(inches) x 4(inches) (Heavy Soil) and 3(inches) x 3(inches) (Medium Soil) are implemented in single row.
  6. Drip Irrigation
    7. It is most effective way of watering in cotton farming. It increases the yield of cotton. In India, yields were doubled by drip irrigation compared to yield obtained from flood irrigation method.
  7. Harvesting and Yield of Cotton
    8. Cotton can be picked by hand or by machines. Manual picking is slow, but it is a good method for protective fiber characteristics of cotton. Boll opening is the first method which pushes fibers from the place where it is planted for weeks, before being exposed to external conditions. Boll opening method is gentle and doesnt affect fiber quality. If the open bolls are exposed for a long period of time in fields, cotton may change its color and fiber diminish.

Organic Cotton Farming

Organic farming is aimed at conversation and consumption of all natural resources for profitability under guiding factors of sustainability of the farm. Earlier, most of the cotton cultivation in the country was eco-friendly without using any toxic chemicals in production. Cotton farming using organic methods helps farmers to improve their productivity, and it is a straight message to the agriculture industry that not to use any chemicals in farming.
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